World Markets

This article explains how NIRP works, why cash limits how far rates can fall, and how CBDCs could change that.

A structured critique of Bitcoin speculation covering securities law, tax policy, governance risk, and market manipulation concerns.

An overview of Bagehot’s emergency lending rules, including collateral, penalty rates, and the line between illiquidity and insolvency.

A comparison of crisis theories shows why endogenous models like Minsky and Fisher better explain financial instability than mainstream accounts.